Age-Period-Cohort analysis and 2036 projections of the burden of ischemic stroke in Finland, Korea, Singapore and China, 1990-2021.

Moreover, there is a marked trend toward younger age groups experiencing high incidence rates, with the age range shifting from the elderly population (65–94 years) toward middle-aged individuals (40–64 years) ( Figure 2 ).

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In contrast, China's cohort bias exhibits an overall trend of gradual improvement, indicating that public health interventions and rising living standards positively contribute to reducing ischemic stroke risk ( 46 ).

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