Efficacy of brain-computer interface with functional electrical stimulation, transcranial direct current stimulation, and conventional therapy on upper limb recovery after stroke: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Front Neurol · 2025 · PMC12659728 · PMID 41323223

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentence

0.0600

closest p · 1.2× alpha

0.0600

boldest claim

The sentences

approached significancep = 0.06so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

In addition, the NMA inconsistency test approached significance ( p = 0.06), suggesting potential instability in indirect comparisons.

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