Causal Association Between Sleep Disorders and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Analysis for Clinical Practice.

Cureus · 2025 · PMC12664771 · PMID 41328114

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentence

0.0096

closest p · 0.2× alpha

0.0096

boldest claim

The sentences

nominally significantp = 0.0096actually significant

The results showed a nominally significant positive causal relationship between COPD and daytime napping (OR = 1.010, 95% CI: 1.002-1.017; p = 0.0096).

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