Maternal Gestational Diabetes Impairs Fetoplacental Insulin-Induced Vasodilation via AKT/eNOS Pathway and Reduces Placental Efficiency.

In contrast, potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M alpha 1 ( KCNMA1 ), another gene associated with EDHF-mediated responses, showed a trend toward increased expression in GDM HUVECs compared to NG, both under basal conditions ( p = 0.1195) and after insulin stimulation ( p = 0.0548) ( Figure 6 F), indicating a possible compensatory upregulation of the EDHF pathway in GDM. 3.

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