Lead exposure is associated with increased lead bioaccumulation and a decline in semen quality: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

JBRA Assist Reprod · 2025 · PMC12695014 · PMID 41370422

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did not reach statistical significanceno p-value reported

While reductions in testosterone levels and elevations in semen malondialdehyde were noted, these changes did not reach statistical significance.

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