Early Childhood Caries and Its Associated Factors Among 5-Year-Old Children in Shenzhen City, China: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Dent J (Basel) · 2025 · PMC12731665 · PMID 41440310

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

0.0510

closest p · 1.0× alpha

0.0620

boldest claim

The sentences

marginally significantp = 0.051so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

Use of fluoride toothpaste (59%) showed a marginally significant protective effect (57% vs. 66%, p = 0.051).

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a trend toward significancep = 0.062so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

However, children with non-local residency had higher dmft scores (3.2 ± 4.0) compared to those with local residency (2.6 ± 3.3), with a trend toward significance ( p = 0.062).

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showed a trendno p-value reported

Family income ( p = 0.092) and breastfeeding in the first 6 months ( p = 0.065) showed a trend toward significance, while all other factors demonstrated significant associations (all p < 0.05).

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Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.