Although this change did not reach statistical significance, the upward trend of butyrate implies partial restoration of gut microbial metabolic activity associated with neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory signaling [ 23 , 24 ], potentially underlying the cognitive improvements observed in CKDB001-treated mice.
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<i>Lactobacillus delbrueckii</i> subsp. <i>lactis</i> CKDB001 Ameliorates Scopolamine-Induced Cognitive Impairment Through Metabolic Modulation.
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However, butyric acid levels exhibited a decreasing trend in the scopolamine (G2) and donepezil (G3) groups and were restored to near-normal levels in CKDB001-treated mice ( Figure 3 g).