Increased transmission and incidence of syphilis in southern Sweden 2007-2022.

Epidemiol Infect · 2025 · PMC12766532 · PMID 41431878

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

0.0970

closest p · 1.9× alpha

0.0970

boldest claim

The sentences

did not reach statistical significancep = 0.097so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

The increasing trends of primary, secondary, and early latent stages were all statistically significant using MK trend test (z: 4.01, p < 0.001; z: 3.55, p < 0.001; z: 3.12, p < 0.01, respectively), whereas the increasing trend of the potentially disabling ocular, oto-, and neurosyphilis did not reach statistical significance (z: 1.66, p = 0.097).

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an increasing trendno p-value reported

Although no statistically uniform increasing trend for the entire study period 2007–2022 was seen (p = 1.00), Figure 2 clearly shows an increasing trend from 2019 onwards.

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Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.