Cycling exercise efficiency and economy: Exploring the role of phase angle.

J Electr Bioimpedance · 2025 · PMC12767154 · PMID 41497794

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did not reach statistical significanceno p-value reported

The largest observed association (whole-body PhA with GE, ρ = −0.32; p = 0.081) did not reach statistical significance, and effect sizes from group comparisons were small for whole-body PhA and small-to-moderate for lower-body PhA, with confidence intervals spanning zero.

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