The effectiveness of protein supplements on athletic performance and post-exercise recovery - a Bayesian multilevel meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

J Int Soc Sports Nutr · 2026 · PMC12777903 · PMID 41433039

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only marginally significantno p-value reported

4.2 Protein supplements and athletic performance The effect of protein supplements on athletic performance is weak and only marginally significant, and even when statistical significance is detected, it originates from studies with unbalanced energy intake between the intervention and control groups [ 10,11,27,37,61–63,65–67,69,89–94 ].

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