Reducing the low-prevalence effect with probe trials.

Cogn Res Princ Implic · 2026 · PMC12779849 · PMID 41501239

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

0.0650

closest p · 1.3× alpha

0.3500

boldest claim

The sentences

marginally significantp =.065so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

The main effect of probe frequency was marginally significant, F(1, 31) = 3.646, p =.065, η p 2 =.105, with higher accuracy for the frequently probe target ( M = 76.6%, SE = 3.2%) than the infrequently probed target ( M = 67.1%, SE = 4.3%).

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approached significancep >.35not close (p > 0.1)

Neither main effect nor the interaction approached significance, all F (1, 100) < 1, all p >.35, all η p 2 <.01.

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