Tunnel portal lining behavior in freeze-thaw conditions and innovative anti-freezing insulation structures.

Sci Rep · 2025 · PMC12780231 · PMID 41318673

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showed a trendno p-value reported

Before freezing, M at the tunnel spandrel decreased and then increased with an increase in H bd , whereas the other four positions all showed a trend of increasing with an increase in H bd .

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