Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes ameliorate gentamicin-induced vestibular hair cell injury by regulating the SNARE pathway and enhancing autophagy.

Following gentamicin intervention, Caspase-3 fluorescence signals significantly increased, with mean fluorescence intensity showing a highly significant difference compared to the control group ( p < 0.0001), demonstrating that gentamicin effectively induces vestibular hair cell apoptosis.

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Although exosomes showed a slightly superior protective effect on hearing compared to dexamethasone, this difference did not reach statistical significance.

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