Goal-Directed Fluid Therapy and Perioperative Epidural Analgesia in Low-Risk Patients Undergoing Elective Colorectal Surgery: Short-Term Clinical Outcomes From a Retrospective-Prospective Cohort Study.

Cureus · 2025 · PMC12821076 · PMID 41573456

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

0.0640

closest p · 1.3× alpha

0.0800

boldest claim

The sentences

marginally significantp=0.064so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

Pairwise comparisons showed a marginally significant difference in total fluid administration across all groups (p=0.064), and a statistically significant difference between the CFT and GDFT/ED groups (p=0.003).

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did not reach statistical significancep=0.08so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

Overall analysis showed shorter hospital stay across groups, which did not reach statistical significance (p=0.08), while pairwise comparison demonstrated significantly shorter stay in the GDFT/ED group compared with the CFT group (p=0.048).

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