The randomized phase II MAPS trial (Metoclopramide for Avoiding Pneumonia After Stroke Trial) demonstrated a substantial reduction in pneumonia incidence from 87% to 27% among stroke patients with nasogastric tube placement, though the observed decrease in 30-day mortality from 40% to 27% did not reach statistical significance ( 18 ).
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Metoclopramide combined with probiotics improves gastric retention in mechanically ventilated patients following craniocerebral surgery.
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