Compared with the normal group, the levels of TGF-β in serum and liver were significantly increased in the model group, with statistical differences ( P ≤0.0001 and P ≤0.001); compared with the model group, the levels of TGF-β in serum and liver showed a decreasing trend in all treatment groups, with the Middle dose Group and High dose Group showing significant statistical differences ( P ≤0.01, P ≤0.0001; P ≤0.05, and P ≤0.01) (Figure 6F, M).
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Preclinical efficacy assessment of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell therapy for acute liver failure.
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However, the Middle dose Group and High dose Group showed a trend of inhibiting the secretion of ALT and AST, while the Low dose Group did not show any significant differences ( Figures 5H-J ).
While an increasing trend in efficacy was observed with higher doses—evident in inflammation suppression, improved survival, and alleviated liver damage ( 26 )—no statistically significant differences were detected.