Performance of Machine Learning Models in Predicting Outcomes After ACDF: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 443 000 Patients.

Global Spine J · 2026 · PMC12831657 · PMID 41577433

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentence

0.2300

closest p · 4.6× alpha

0.2300

boldest claim

The sentences

did not reach statistical significanceP = 0.23not close (p > 0.1)

Between-group differences did not reach statistical significance ( P = 0.23).

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