Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Attenuate Pro-Inflammatory Macrophage Polarization: Comparison of Matrix-Bound and Small Extracellular Vesicles.

In M0_GM and M0_M macrophages, a moderate decrease in ROS production was also observed following exposure to both sEVs and MBVs, although this decrease did not reach statistical significance.

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sEVs did not exert a significant inhibitory effect on the expression of these signaling molecules, although a decreasing trend in mRNA expression of these pathway components was observed.

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