Effects of multimodal nursing intervention with health education on recovery, pain, and psychological outcomes after laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a retrospective cohort study.

Although the incidence of nausea and vomiting did not reach statistical significance, the IG still showed a decreasing trend, which may be related to factors such as effective pain control reducing the use of opioids and psychological intervention alleviating anxiety.

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Finally, although the inter-group differences in other immune indicators (CD3+, CD8+, CD4+/CD8+) did not reach statistical significance, the IG showed an improvement trend, which may be related to factors such as sample size and observation time.

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