Trends in problematic gambling among school-aged adolescents based on three Spanish nationwide population-based studies (2018-2023): a gender-based analysis of risk and protective factors.

Sci Rep · 2025 · PMC12847767 · PMID 41454048

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentence

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closest p

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boldest claim

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a significant trendno p-value reported

For female adolescents, only one variable showed a significant trend: an increase in prevalence of PG among those who reported land-based gambling (2018 18.61%. vs. 2023 23.29%).

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