Barely Significant
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Surface degradation and digital volumetric loss in ceramic and hybrid CAD/CAM surfaces after simulated toothbrushing with activated charcoal vs. whitening toothpaste.

BMC Oral Health · 2026 · PMC12859930 · PMID 41620726

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highly significantno p-value reported
After 30k cycles of brushing, the EMC DW30 and EMC WH30 were similar to each other, but the EMC AC30 exhibited a highly significant rougher surface compared to the other groups, and Ra values exceeded 0.2 μm.

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Whitening toothpaste tended to cause slightly lower roughness in hybrid ceramics initially, and although its effect increased over time, the difference between AC and WH in these materials did not reach statistical significance.

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Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.