Bi-directional associations between alcohol consumption and pain among non-manual workers: a random-intercept cross-lagged panel analysis in the British Whitehall II cohort study.

Alcohol Alcohol · 2026 · PMC12860205 · PMID 41619189

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reached borderline significanceno p-value reported

Among participants experiencing retirement transition ( n = 2378), only within-person alcohol-to-pain association from Phases 7 to 9 reached borderline significance (β = 0.07, 95% CI: 0.09–0.14), corresponding to a 19.9% increase in above-moderate-pain likelihood per SD increase ( Supplementary Fig.

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