Association of high-fat diet with bone mineral density in older U.S. adults: a cross-sectional study of NHANES 2017-2018.

J Health Popul Nutr · 2025 · PMC12865946 · PMID 41476232

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

0.0600

closest p · 1.2× alpha

0.1300

boldest claim

The sentences

borderline significancep = 0.06so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

In isocaloric substitution models, replacing 5% of total energy from carbohydrates with total fat was associated with reduced odds of femoral neck osteopenia/osteoporosis in both sexes (men: OR = 0.79, 95% CI = 0.64–0.97, p = 0.03; women: OR = 0.76, 95% CI = 0.60–0.97, p = 0.03), whereas substitution of protein showed borderline significance (men: p = 0.06; women: p = 0.10).

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did not reach statistical significancep = 0.13not close (p > 0.1)

24.00%), this trend did not reach statistical significance ( p = 0.13).

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a positive trendno p-value reported

When total fat intake (%E) was analyzed as a continuous variable, each 1%E increase was associated with a small positive change in femoral neck BMD (men: β = 0.001, p = 0.19; women: β = 0.002, p = 0.09), further indicating a positive trend in femoral neck BMD with increasing fat consumption.

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