Fixation method, not vascular injury, is the primary determinant of union in gunshot-related femoral fractures: a retrospective cohort analysis.

Although EF-treated patients with vascular injury (Group 1) showed longer healing times than those without vascular injury (Group 2), the difference did not reach statistical significance. The overall mean union time of 7.4 ± 3.6 months was consistent with findings by Abdioglu et al., who reported a mean healing time of 7.4 months across various fixation methods [ 14 ].

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