Comparative efficacy of combination regimens based on interventional therapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in patients with intermediate- and advanced-stage hepatocellular carcinoma: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and network meta-analysis.

In the subgroup network meta-analysis, most pairwise comparisons did not reach statistical significance; however, trends favoring the triple combination of TACE-TKI-ICI over dual or monotherapy approaches were observed in several subgroups, including those defined by Child–Pugh A, HBV positivity, ≤ 3 Tumors, prior treatment status, and TACE type.

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