The effect of different exercise interventions on global cognitive function in patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

BMC Public Health · 2026 · PMC12892726 · PMID 41540404

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a positive trendno p-value reported

did not reach statistical significanceno p-value reported

The results showed that AE (SMD = 0.85, 95% CI: 0.35–1.36) and MBE (SMD = 1.18, 95% CI: 0.32–2.04) significantly improved cognitive function, whereas ME (SMD = 0.58, 95% CI: −0.14–1.31) demonstrated a positive trend but did not reach statistical significance, as its confidence interval included zero.

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