As can be seen from Panel E-H, LCAD expression was lower in the MS-S-N group than in the SD-S-N group; in contrast to the MS-S-N group, LCAD mRNA expression in the MS-S-I ( P < 0.05) and MS-E-I ( P < 0.01) groups showed a trend of increasing; in the MS-E-I group, LCAD protein expression was significantly increased ( P < 0.01), and in the MS-E-I group, LCAD protein expression was significantly higher ( P < 0.05) than in the MS-E-N group.
At 36 weeks of age, rats in the MS-S-I ( P < 0.01) and MS-E-I ( P < 0.0001) groups showed a decreasing trend in systolic blood pressure.
The skeletal muscle of MS rats exhibited elevated PPARγ, GLUT4 and IRS-1 mRNA and protein expression after aerobic exercise As shown in Fig 2 , the expression level of PPARγ mRNA was significantly lower in the MS-S group than that in the SD-S group ( P < 0.05), and although PPARγ protein expression was not statistically different, it also showed an increasing trend, indicating that the high-fat and high-sugar diet contributed to the reduced expression of PPARγ in skeletal muscle of rats.