Foregrounding motivational climate in university physical education: a mixed-methods latent profile analysis with classroom prescriptions.

Although the 4- and 5-class models further reduced information criteria (e.g., 4-class: AIC = 19,578.31; 5-class: AIC = 18,983.54), both yielded minimal classes (2.62% and 1.11%, respectively), undermining stability and interpretability, and their VLMR/BLRT results were only marginally significant (4-class: VLMR p = .021; 5-class: VLMR p = .021).

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