The association between spike technique and injuries in competitive volleyball players-a pilot study.

Front Sports Act Living · 2026 · PMC12909513 · PMID 41710091

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentence

0.3700

closest p · 7.4× alpha

0.3700

boldest claim

The sentences

did not reach statistical significancep = 0.37not close (p > 0.1)

Interestingly, in females the frequency of shoulder injuries was lower in the circular technique group (18.2%) compared to the bow & arrow group (31.2%), although this difference did not reach statistical significance ( p = 0.37) and a weak effect.

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