Efficacy of electronic travel aids for the blind and visually impaired during wayfinding.

Sci Rep · 2026 · PMC12909938 · PMID 41606072

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

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closest p

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boldest claim

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did not reach statistical significanceno p-value reported

Although the difference did not reach statistical significance, a medium effect size was observed.

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a marginal trendno p-value reported

A marginal trend was observed for task complexity, with the AI version perceived as slightly more complex.

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highly significantno p-value reported

In contrast, a highly significant difference was found for the PPWS.

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Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.