Dose-dependent antiviral effects of glycyrrhizin, curcumin, and harmaline against clinical SARS-CoV-2 isolates, including D614G, Omicron BA.5, and Omicron XBB.1.

BMC Complement Med Ther · 2026 · PMC12911001 · PMID 41572261

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did not reach statistical significancep = 0.60not close (p > 0.1)

While curcumin reduced the D614G variant’s viral load by nearly 6 log 10 units at this concentration, the effect did not reach statistical significance ( p = 0.60) (Fig. 1 ).

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