Effects of prenatal maternal smoking on placental IGF-1, leptin, and HPL expression and breastfeeding practices.

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth · 2026 · PMC12918389 · PMID 41654741

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentence

0.1510

closest p · 3.0× alpha

0.1510

boldest claim

The sentences

did not reach statistical significancep = 0.151not close (p > 0.1)

Although social security status showed a positive association with birth weight, this effect did not reach statistical significance (B = 0.163, p = 0.151).

also in 111,027 other papers

Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.