showed a trendP =0.047
Trunk flexor and extensor strength was lower in LBP patients, with a reduced trunk flexor/trunk extensor ratio (0.77±0.20 vs 0.96±0.16, P <0.001); hip flexor/extensor ratios showed a trend toward imbalance (left hip flexor/hip extensor: 0.60±0.15 vs 0.67±0.12, P =0.047).