Exploratory assessment of preconception phthalate exposure on pregnancy and offspring health outcomes in mice.

J Endocr Soc · 2026 · PMC12922444 · PMID 41728212

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hedged sentences

0.0920

closest p · 1.8× alpha

0.0920

boldest claim

The sentences

a nonsignificant trendP = .092so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

Placental weight did not differ significantly by dose (β = +12.01, 95% CI = −20.50-44.53, P = .469), and the main effect of sex indicated only a nonsignificant trend toward heavier placentas in males (β = +16.12, 95% CI = −2.63-34.86, P = .092).

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a possible trendno p-value reported

The main effect of sex approached but did not reach statistical significance (β = −.335, 95% CI = −0.708-0.038, P = .078), suggesting a possible trend toward lower F:P ratios in males compared with females.

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did not reach statistical significanceno p-value reported

Maternal estrus cycle appeared to be impacted by phthalate exposure, with more time spent in proestrus (F (24, 19) = 2.258, P = .07, η 2 = 0.07) and less time spent in metestrus (F (24, 19) = 2.283, P = .09, η 2 = 0.06), but the effect did not reach statistical significance ( Fig. 4C ; Supplemental Data 1, Table S5) ( 63 ).

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