Inconsistency in the Association Between Proton Pump Inhibitor Use and Dementia Risk: An Updated Meta-Analysis.

Brain Sci · 2026 · PMC12938945 · PMID 41750160

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did not reach statistical significanceno p-value reported

The test for subgroup differences yielded a non-significant result ( p = 0.53), indicating that the observed geographic variations in the ≥65 age group did not reach statistical significance when accounting for within-region variability.

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