VEGFR-3 deficiency in astrocytes exacerbates Japanese encephalitis virus-induced neuroinflammation in mouse brains.

Protein quantification using CBA assays confirmed elevated IFN-γ and CCL2 protein levels in brain homogenates of mutant mice following JEV infection ( Figure 3I , J), while IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-β levels exhibited upward trends that did not reach statistical significance ( Figure 3K –M).

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