Timing of smoking cessation before and during pregnancy and risk of gestational diabetes: A systematic review.

Metabol Open · 2026 · PMC12945640 · PMID 41768870

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did not reach statistical significanceno p-value reported

In contrast, smoking cessation before pregnancy or during the first trimester appeared to attenuate or eliminate this excess risk, although some estimates did not reach statistical significance due to limited statistical power.

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