The changing landscape of urothelial carcinoma: on the edge of a paradigm shift.

Although bladder cancer has historically occurred with a 3:1 male predominance, we are observing a demographic shift: a 1% annual decrease in male incidence in many parts of Europe, along with a significant trend toward earlier diagnosis in patients under 50 years old (hazard ratio [HR] 1.34, 95% CI 0.6–2.07, P = 0.003) ( 2 ).

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