A Systematic Review of Complication Management During Uniportal and Biportal Endoscopic Spine Surgery: Dural Tear and Bleeding.

Global Spine J · 2026 · PMC12948700 · PMID 41757546

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a clear trendno p-value reported

Notably, while early papers such as Ahn et al (2011) 27 reported converting all 9 of their dural tear cases to open repair, more recent studies from Park et al (2020) 29 and Lee et al (2021) 21 reported conversion rates of only 1 out of 29 and 2 out of 7 patients, respectively, which demonstrating a clear trend toward successful endoscopic management.

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