Asymptomatic malaria: a hidden reservoir for the transmission and circulation of artemisinin partial-resistant <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> in Tanzania.

Eleven isolates from high-transmission villages harboured pfk13 single mutations associated with ART-R, while another 11 isolates exhibited co-occurrence of pfk13 and pfmdr1 mutations, which are known to reduce susceptibility to AL ( Table 2 ). The prevalence of mutant SNPs in pfk13 (Y493H, R561H and A675V) and pfmdr1 (N86Y, Y184F, and D1246Y) tended to be higher among children under five years of age and gradually declined with increasing age, although these differences did not reach statistical significance, they suggested a trend toward higher mutation frequency in younger individuals ( Figure 4 A).

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