Impact of probiotic, prebiotic, and synbiotic supplementation on the gut microbiome in older adults with sarcopenia, obesity, and sarcopenic obesity.

Osteoporos Int · 2026 · PMC12956924 · PMID 41507594

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentence

0.0900

closest p · 1.8× alpha

0.0900

boldest claim

The sentences

did not reach statistical significancep = 0.09so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

For example in a subgroup analysis of adults with a mean age of 50 years, the effect on muscle mass did not reach statistical significance ( p = 0.09), despite demonstrating a modest clinically meaningful improvement (SMD 0.41), which may be explained by the high degree of variability [ 35 ].

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