Artificial intelligence-based clustering to identify functional risk phenotypes in heart failure.

Open Heart · 2026 · PMC12959168 · PMID 41748277

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highly significantno p-value reported

All statistical tests were two-sided, with p<0.05 considered statistically significant and p<0.01 considered highly significant.

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did not reach statistical significanceno p-value reported

Moreover, LAD was identified as an independent predictor of VO 2 max decline (OR=1.114, 95% CI 1.05 to 1.19, p<0.01), whereas diabetes and LVEDD did not reach statistical significance in this model.

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