Indole-acetaldehyde from Rothia mucilaginosa activates the PXR/NRF2 axis to enhance alveolar macrophage phagocytosis and protect against ARDS.

Although the difference between ARDS survivors (29.17%) and non-survivors did not reach statistical significance ( p = 0.14) (Fig. 1 C, D), the presence of R. mucilaginosa in survivors hinted at a potential benefit, prompting us to investigate whether its functional activity, rather than mere abundance, contributes to protection.

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