Prevalence and Lifestyle Correlates of Premenstrual Syndrome and Its Severity Among Female University Students in Yemen: A Cross-Sectional Study of Dietary Habits and Qat Use.

Although smoking status did not reach statistical significance for inclusion in the final multivariate model, it remains an important potential confounder or effect modifier.

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Conversely, we observed a nonsignificant trend suggesting a potential protective effect of higher fruit intake, consistent with findings that fruit consumption is associated with reduced behavioral symptoms [ 14 ] and that traditional, nutrient-rich diets may mitigate symptom severity.

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