Impact of baseline brain metastases on survival and CNS progression in NSCLC patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors in real-world studies: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Transl Lung Cancer Res · 2026 · PMC12969171 · PMID 41808718

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did not reach statistical significanceno p-value reported

In the subgroup analysis, the hazard of death for patients with baseline BMs compared to patients without was slightly higher in ICI-based combination-predominant studies than in ICI-only predominant studies; however, the association did not reach statistical significance in the combination-predominant subgroup (HR 1.23; 95% CI: 0.91–1.65).

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