Efficacy and safety of CTLA-4, PD-1 and LAG-3 immune checkpoint inhibitors as monotherapy and combination therapy in advanced melanoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

EXCLI J · 2026 · PMC12982869 · PMID 41834910

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a favorable trendno p-value reported

Subgroup analysis showed benefit with CTLA-4 inhibitors (HR = 0.75; 95 % CI: 0.64-0.89; I 2 = 66 %) and a favorable trend with PD-1 inhibitors (HR = 0.72; 95 % CI: 0.51-1.03; I 2 = 87 %), though not statistically significant.

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did not reach statistical significanceno p-value reported

Subgroup analysis showed significant benefit with PD-1 inhibitors (RR = 3.01; 95 % CI: 1.85-4.89; I 2 = 62 %), while CTLA-4 inhibitors did not reach statistical significance (RR = 1.51; 95 % CI: 0.91-2.51; I 2 = 50 %).

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