highly significantp < 0.001
Between-cluster comparisons showed highly significant differences for all variables ( p < 0.001), with large effect sizes for acceptance (partial η 2 = 0.32), knowledge (η 2 = 0.29), and willingness to pay (η 2 = 0.27), and a moderate effect size for health literacy (η 2 = 0.20), underscoring the existence of distinct attitudinal and literacy profiles in the student population.