Brain-bone axis dysregulation: Biological code underlying the bidirectional association between depression and musculoskeletal disorders.

J Orthop Translat · 2026 · PMC12988505 · PMID 41836579

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did not reach statistical significanceno p-value reported

However, the risk ratios for depression (1.17) and anxiety (1.35) did not reach statistical significance, highlighting the need for validation through larger-scale studies [ 54 ].

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