Barely Significant
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Global, regional, and national burdens of liver disease due to hepatitis B in women of childbearing age, 1990 to 2021: an analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study.

AJOG Glob Rep · 2026 · PMC12989722 · PMID 41846586

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an unfavorable trendno p-value reported
47 , 48 However, this study also found an unfavorable trend in the mortality of liver disease due to hepatitis B in women of childbearing age in Australasia, Eastern Europe, and High-income North America between 1990 and 2021.

also in 104 other papers

an increasing trendno p-value reported
At the regional level, an increasing trend in the mortality of liver disease due to hepatitis B in women of childbearing age between 1990 and 2021 was observed in Australasia (EAPC=0.46; 95% CI: 0.23, 0.68), Eastern Europe (EAPC=3.39; 95% CI: 2.34, 4.45), and High-income North America (EAPC=0.77; 95% CI: 0.57, 0.97).

also in 63,971 other papers

a decreasing trendno p-value reported
The incidence rates of liver disease due to hepatitis B in women of childbearing age were deemed to be in a decreasing trend in 201 countries or territories between 1990 and 2021, with the largest decrease in Brunei Darussalam (EAPC=–4.36; 95% CI: –4.72, –4.00), followed by Poland (EAPC=–3.81; 95% CI: –3.98, –3.64) ( Figure 4, C and eTable 5 ).

also in 47,180 other papers

Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.