In our study, EVs from TF high PDPN high GBM14 cells induced M1-like microglial polarization, and interestingly, EVs from GBM03, which are TF low but PDPN high, also showed a trend towards M1-like polarization.
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Exploring the dual role of extracellular vesicles in coagulation and immune modulation in glioblastoma.
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